/* ============================================================
   Digital Scholar — editorial theme for humanities journals
   ============================================================ */

@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM+Plex+Sans:ital,wght@0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;1,400&family=IBM+Plex+Serif:ital,wght@0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;1,400&display=swap");

/* --- Inkwell (default) --- */
:root {
	--ds-ink: #16191d;
	--ds-ink-soft: #232830;
	--ds-accent: #0f766e;
	--ds-accent-hover: #0b5c56;
	--ds-accent-bright: #14b8a6;

	--ds-paper: #fcfbf9;
	--ds-paper-alt: #f5f3ef;
	--ds-paper-sunk: #ece9e3;
	--ds-text: #22262c;
	--ds-text-secondary: #5a6270;
	--ds-text-muted: #8a8f99;
	--ds-text-inverse: #f7f6f3;
	--ds-rule: #e0ddd6;
	--ds-rule-strong: #c9c5bb;

	--ds-font-display: "IBM Plex Serif", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
	--ds-font-body: "IBM Plex Sans", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;

	--ds-measure: 68ch;
	--ds-container: 1160px;
	--ds-container-narrow: 760px;
	--ds-header-height: 78px;
	--ds-transition: 0.18s ease;
}

/* --- Oxblood --- */
.ds-theme-oxblood {
	--ds-ink: #1d1416;
	--ds-ink-soft: #2b1f22;
	--ds-accent: #8c2f39;
	--ds-accent-hover: #6f242c;
	--ds-accent-bright: #b8434f;
	--ds-paper: #fdfbfa;
	--ds-paper-alt: #f6f1f0;
	--ds-paper-sunk: #ece3e2;
	--ds-rule: #e2d8d7;
	--ds-rule-strong: #cbbdbc;
}

/* --- Indigo --- */
.ds-theme-indigo {
	--ds-ink: #14172b;
	--ds-ink-soft: #1f2440;
	--ds-accent: #3d4ea8;
	--ds-accent-hover: #2f3d87;
	--ds-accent-bright: #5b6ecb;
	--ds-paper: #fbfbfd;
	--ds-paper-alt: #f2f3f8;
	--ds-paper-sunk: #e6e8f1;
	--ds-rule: #dcdfea;
	--ds-rule-strong: #c2c6d8;
}

/* ============================================================
   Base
   ============================================================ */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }

html { font-size: 16px; scroll-behavior: smooth; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }

body {
	margin: 0;
	font-family: var(--ds-font-body);
	font-size: 1rem;
	line-height: 1.65;
	color: var(--ds-text);
	background: var(--ds-paper);
	-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
	-moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }

a { color: var(--ds-accent); text-decoration: none; transition: color var(--ds-transition); }
a:hover { color: var(--ds-accent-hover); }

h1, h2, h3, h4 {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-weight: 600;
	line-height: 1.22;
	margin: 0 0 0.5em;
	color: var(--ds-text);
	text-wrap: balance;
	letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

h1 { font-size: 2.125rem; }
h2 { font-size: 1.625rem; }
h3 { font-size: 1.25rem; }

p { margin: 0 0 1em; }
ul, ol { margin: 0 0 1em; padding-left: 1.4em; }
table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; }
input, select, textarea, button { font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; }

:focus-visible {
	outline: 2px solid var(--ds-accent);
	outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* Small uppercase label used throughout instead of coloured pills */
.ds-eyebrow {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-body);
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.14em;
	color: var(--ds-accent);
}

/* ============================================================
   Layout
   ============================================================ */
.ds-container {
	width: 100%;
	max-width: var(--ds-container);
	margin: 0 auto;
	padding: 0 2rem;
}

.ds-container--narrow { max-width: var(--ds-container-narrow); }

.ds-section { padding: 4.5rem 0; }
.ds-section--alt { background: var(--ds-paper-alt); }

.ds-grid { display: grid; gap: 1.5rem; }
.ds-grid--2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
.ds-grid--3 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
.ds-grid--4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }

/* ============================================================
   Header — flat, rule-based, no pills
   ============================================================ */
.ds-header {
	position: sticky;
	top: 0;
	z-index: 1000;
	background: var(--ds-paper);
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
}

.ds-header__top {
	background: var(--ds-ink);
	color: var(--ds-text-inverse);
	font-size: 0.75rem;
	padding: 0.4375rem 0;
	letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.ds-header__top-inner {
	display: flex;
	justify-content: space-between;
	align-items: center;
	max-width: var(--ds-container);
	margin: 0 auto;
	padding: 0 2rem;
}

.ds-header__top a { color: rgba(247,246,243,0.72); font-size: 0.75rem; }
.ds-header__top a:hover { color: #fff; }

.ds-header__top-left,
.ds-header__top-right { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1.25rem; }

.ds-header__issn {
	font-weight: 500;
	letter-spacing: 0.08em;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
}

/* Badges are plain text separated by rules, not filled chips */
.ds-header__badge {
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.1em;
	color: rgba(247,246,243,0.6);
	padding-left: 1.25rem;
	border-left: 1px solid rgba(247,246,243,0.18);
}

.ds-header__main {
	max-width: var(--ds-container);
	margin: 0 auto;
	padding: 0 2rem;
	display: flex;
	align-items: center;
	justify-content: space-between;
	height: var(--ds-header-height);
	gap: 2rem;
}

.ds-logo { display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 0.75rem; text-decoration: none; flex-shrink: 0; }
.ds-logo__image { width: 40px; height: 40px; object-fit: contain; align-self: center; }
.ds-logo__text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }

.ds-logo__abbr {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 1.375rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	line-height: 1;
	color: var(--ds-ink);
	letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.ds-logo__name {
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	line-height: 1.3;
	max-width: 210px;
	margin-top: 0.1875rem;
}

/* Nav: underline on hover, no background fills */
.ds-nav { display: flex; align-items: center; }
.ds-nav__list { display: flex; list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; gap: 1.75rem; }

.ds-nav__link {
	display: block;
	padding: 0.25rem 0;
	font-size: 0.8125rem;
	font-weight: 500;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.08em;
	color: var(--ds-text-secondary);
	border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
	transition: color var(--ds-transition), border-color var(--ds-transition);
	white-space: nowrap;
}

.ds-nav__link:hover,
.ds-nav__link--active {
	color: var(--ds-ink);
	border-bottom-color: var(--ds-accent);
}

.ds-nav__actions {
	display: flex;
	align-items: center;
	gap: 1rem;
	margin-left: 1.75rem;
}

/* Language switcher */
.ds-lang-switcher { position: relative; display: inline-flex; }

.ds-lang-switcher__btn {
	display: flex;
	align-items: center;
	gap: 0.375rem;
	padding: 0.125rem 0;
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	letter-spacing: 0.1em;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	color: rgba(247,246,243,0.72);
	background: none;
	border: none;
	border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(247,246,243,0.3);
	cursor: pointer;
	transition: color var(--ds-transition), border-color var(--ds-transition);
}

.ds-lang-switcher__btn:hover { color: #fff; border-bottom-color: #fff; }

.ds-lang-switcher__dropdown {
	position: absolute;
	top: calc(100% + 0.5rem);
	right: 0;
	background: var(--ds-paper);
	border: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
	box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(22,25,29,0.12);
	min-width: 150px;
	z-index: 100;
	display: none;
	overflow: hidden;
}

.ds-lang-switcher__dropdown.is-open { display: block; }

/* Scoped under .ds-header__top so these beat the bar's light link colour —
   the dropdown sits on a paper panel, where inherited light text vanishes. */
.ds-header__top .ds-lang-switcher__option {
	display: block;
	padding: 0.5625rem 0.875rem;
	font-size: 0.8125rem;
	color: var(--ds-text);
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
	transition: background var(--ds-transition);
}

.ds-header__top .ds-lang-switcher__option:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.ds-header__top .ds-lang-switcher__option:hover { background: var(--ds-paper-alt); }
.ds-header__top .ds-lang-switcher__option--active { font-weight: 600; color: var(--ds-accent); }

/* User menu */
.ds-user-menu { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1.25rem; }

.ds-user-menu__link {
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 500;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.1em;
}

/* Mobile toggle */
.ds-menu-toggle {
	display: none;
	padding: 0.625rem;
	background: none;
	border: 1px solid var(--ds-rule-strong);
	cursor: pointer;
	color: var(--ds-ink);
	line-height: 1;
}

.ds-menu-toggle__icon { display: block; width: 20px; height: 1.5px; background: currentColor; position: relative; }

.ds-menu-toggle__icon::before,
.ds-menu-toggle__icon::after {
	content: '';
	position: absolute;
	left: 0;
	width: 100%;
	height: 1.5px;
	background: currentColor;
	transition: transform var(--ds-transition), top var(--ds-transition);
}

.ds-menu-toggle__icon::before { top: -6px; }
.ds-menu-toggle__icon::after { top: 6px; }
.ds-menu-toggle.is-active .ds-menu-toggle__icon { background: transparent; }
.ds-menu-toggle.is-active .ds-menu-toggle__icon::before { transform: rotate(45deg); top: 0; }
.ds-menu-toggle.is-active .ds-menu-toggle__icon::after { transform: rotate(-45deg); top: 0; }

/* ============================================================
   Breadcrumbs
   ============================================================ */
.ds-breadcrumbs {
	padding: 1rem 0;
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
	font-size: 0.75rem;
}

.ds-breadcrumbs__list { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; gap: 0.5rem; }
.ds-breadcrumbs__item { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.5rem; color: var(--ds-text-muted); }
.ds-breadcrumbs__item + .ds-breadcrumbs__item::before { content: '—'; color: var(--ds-rule-strong); }
.ds-breadcrumbs__link { color: var(--ds-text-secondary); }
.ds-breadcrumbs__current { color: var(--ds-text); }

/* ============================================================
   Buttons — squared, letterspaced, no rounded pills
   ============================================================ */
.ds-btn {
	display: inline-flex;
	align-items: center;
	justify-content: center;
	gap: 0.5rem;
	padding: 0.8125rem 1.75rem;
	font-family: var(--ds-font-body);
	font-size: 0.75rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.12em;
	line-height: 1.2;
	border: 1px solid transparent;
	cursor: pointer;
	transition: all var(--ds-transition);
	white-space: nowrap;
}

.ds-btn--primary { background: var(--ds-accent); color: #fff; border-color: var(--ds-accent); }
.ds-btn--primary:hover { background: var(--ds-accent-hover); border-color: var(--ds-accent-hover); color: #fff; }

.ds-btn--outline { background: transparent; color: var(--ds-ink); border-color: var(--ds-rule-strong); }
.ds-btn--outline:hover { border-color: var(--ds-accent); color: var(--ds-accent); }

.ds-btn--white { background: var(--ds-paper); color: var(--ds-ink); border-color: var(--ds-paper); }
.ds-btn--white:hover { background: transparent; color: var(--ds-paper); border-color: var(--ds-paper); }

.ds-btn--ghost { background: transparent; color: var(--ds-text-inverse); border-color: rgba(247,246,243,0.35); }
.ds-btn--ghost:hover { border-color: var(--ds-paper); background: rgba(247,246,243,0.06); color: #fff; }

.ds-btn--lg { padding: 0.9375rem 2.25rem; font-size: 0.8125rem; }
.ds-btn--sm { padding: 0.5rem 1.125rem; font-size: 0.6875rem; }

.ds-btn-group { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.875rem; }

/* ============================================================
   Hero — flat ink panel, left aligned, no gradient or stat tiles
   ============================================================ */
.ds-hero {
	background: var(--ds-ink);
	color: var(--ds-text-inverse);
	padding: 5.5rem 0 5rem;
	position: relative;
}

.ds-hero__inner {
	display: grid;
	grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.25fr) minmax(0, 0.75fr);
	gap: 4rem;
	align-items: end;
}

/* Thin accent rule above the eyebrow — the theme's signature mark */
.ds-hero__badges {
	display: flex;
	flex-wrap: wrap;
	align-items: center;
	gap: 1.25rem;
	margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
	padding-top: 1.25rem;
	border-top: 2px solid var(--ds-accent-bright);
}

.ds-hero__badge {
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 500;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.14em;
	color: rgba(247,246,243,0.65);
}

.ds-hero__badge-dot { display: none; }

.ds-hero__title {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 4.5vw, 3.5rem);
	font-weight: 600;
	line-height: 1.08;
	letter-spacing: -0.02em;
	color: var(--ds-paper);
	margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
	max-width: 16ch;
}

.ds-hero__desc {
	font-size: 1.0625rem;
	line-height: 1.7;
	color: rgba(247,246,243,0.7);
	margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
	max-width: 52ch;
}

.ds-hero__actions { display: flex; gap: 0.875rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }

.ds-hero__sidebar { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 1.5rem; }

/* Stats become a plain definition list, not tiles */
.ds-hero__stats {
	display: flex;
	flex-direction: column;
	border-top: 1px solid rgba(247,246,243,0.16);
}

.ds-hero__stat {
	display: flex;
	justify-content: space-between;
	align-items: baseline;
	padding: 0.875rem 0;
	border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(247,246,243,0.16);
}

.ds-hero__stat-value {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 1.125rem;
	font-weight: 500;
	color: var(--ds-paper);
	order: 2;
}

.ds-hero__stat-label {
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.12em;
	color: rgba(247,246,243,0.5);
	order: 1;
}

.ds-hero__cover { display: none; }

/* ============================================================
   Section headers — left aligned with a rule, not centred
   ============================================================ */
.ds-section-header {
	text-align: left;
	margin-bottom: 2.75rem;
	padding-bottom: 1.25rem;
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
	display: flex;
	flex-wrap: wrap;
	align-items: baseline;
	gap: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
}

.ds-section-header__label {
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.14em;
	color: var(--ds-accent);
	flex-basis: 100%;
}

.ds-section-header__title {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 1.875rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	margin: 0;
}

.ds-section-header__desc {
	font-size: 0.9375rem;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	margin: 0;
	max-width: 48ch;
}

/* ============================================================
   Article rows — hairline separated, not cards
   ============================================================ */
.ds-article-card {
	display: grid;
	grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
	gap: 0.5rem 2rem;
	align-items: start;
	padding: 1.625rem 0 1.625rem 1.25rem;
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
	border-left: 2px solid transparent;
	transition: border-color var(--ds-transition), padding-left var(--ds-transition);
}

.ds-article-card:first-child { border-top: 1px solid var(--ds-rule); }
.ds-article-card:hover { border-left-color: var(--ds-accent); padding-left: 1.625rem; }

.ds-article-card__authors {
	grid-column: 1;
	font-size: 0.8125rem;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	margin-bottom: 0.375rem;
	order: 1;
}

.ds-article-card__title {
	grid-column: 1;
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 1.1875rem;
	font-weight: 500;
	line-height: 1.35;
	margin: 0 0 0.625rem;
	order: 2;
	max-width: 60ch;
}

.ds-article-card__title a { color: var(--ds-text); }
.ds-article-card__title a:hover { color: var(--ds-accent); }

.ds-article-card__subtitle {
	display: block;
	font-size: 0.9375rem;
	font-style: italic;
	color: var(--ds-text-secondary);
	margin-top: 0.25rem;
}

.ds-article-card__meta {
	grid-column: 1;
	display: flex;
	align-items: center;
	gap: 1.25rem;
	flex-wrap: wrap;
	order: 3;
}

.ds-article-card__pages {
	font-size: 0.75rem;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

.ds-article-card__doi {
	font-size: 0.75rem;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	display: inline-flex;
	align-items: center;
	gap: 0.4375rem;
}

.ds-article-card__doi:hover { color: var(--ds-accent); }

.ds-article-card__doi-label {
	font-weight: 600;
	font-size: 0.625rem;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.1em;
	color: var(--ds-text-secondary);
	border: 1px solid var(--ds-rule-strong);
	padding: 0.0625rem 0.375rem;
}

/* Galleys sit in the right-hand column */
.ds-article-card__footer {
	grid-column: 2;
	grid-row: 1 / span 3;
	display: flex;
	align-items: center;
	justify-content: flex-end;
	padding: 0;
	border: none;
	margin: 0;
}

.ds-article-card__galleys { display: flex; gap: 0.5rem; }

.ds-article-card__galley {
	display: inline-flex;
	align-items: center;
	padding: 0.375rem 0.875rem;
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.1em;
	color: var(--ds-text-secondary);
	border: 1px solid var(--ds-rule-strong);
	transition: all var(--ds-transition);
}

.ds-article-card__galley:hover { background: var(--ds-ink); border-color: var(--ds-ink); color: var(--ds-paper); }

.ds-article-card__stats { display: none; }

/* ============================================================
   Article detail
   ============================================================ */
.ds-article { padding: 3rem 0 5rem; }

.ds-article__layout {
	display: grid;
	grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 280px;
	gap: 4rem;
	align-items: start;
}

.ds-article__header { margin-bottom: 2.75rem; padding-bottom: 2rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule); }

.ds-article__back {
	display: inline-flex;
	align-items: center;
	gap: 0.5rem;
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.12em;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
}

.ds-article__back:hover { color: var(--ds-accent); }

.ds-article__section-label {
	display: block;
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.14em;
	color: var(--ds-accent);
	margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.ds-article__title {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3.2vw, 2.5rem);
	font-weight: 600;
	line-height: 1.18;
	letter-spacing: -0.015em;
	margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
	max-width: 24ch;
}

.ds-article__subtitle {
	display: block;
	font-size: 0.65em;
	font-style: italic;
	font-weight: 400;
	color: var(--ds-text-secondary);
	margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

/* Authors as a plain stacked list rather than chips */
.ds-article__authors-list {
	display: flex;
	flex-direction: column;
	gap: 0.75rem;
	margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
}

.ds-article__author {
	display: flex;
	align-items: baseline;
	gap: 0.75rem;
	font-size: 0.9375rem;
	color: var(--ds-text);
}

.ds-article__author-icon {
	flex-shrink: 0;
	width: 1.5rem;
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 0.8125rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	color: var(--ds-accent);
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-accent);
	text-align: center;
	line-height: 1.4;
}

.ds-article__author-affiliation {
	display: block;
	font-size: 0.8125rem;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	font-style: italic;
	margin-top: 0.125rem;
}

.ds-article__doi {
	display: inline-flex;
	align-items: center;
	gap: 0.625rem;
	padding: 0.625rem 0;
	font-size: 0.8125rem;
	border-top: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
	width: 100%;
}

.ds-article__doi-label {
	font-size: 0.625rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.12em;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
}

.ds-article__doi a { color: var(--ds-text); word-break: break-all; }
.ds-article__doi a:hover { color: var(--ds-accent); }

.ds-article__content-section { margin-bottom: 2.75rem; }

.ds-article__content-section h2 {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-body);
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 700;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.16em;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
	margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
}

.ds-article__abstract {
	font-size: 1.0625rem;
	line-height: 1.8;
	color: var(--ds-text);
	max-width: var(--ds-measure);
}

.ds-article__abstract p:first-of-type::first-line { font-variant: small-caps; }

.ds-article__keywords { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.5rem 1.25rem; list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }

.ds-article__keyword {
	font-size: 0.875rem;
	color: var(--ds-text-secondary);
	font-style: italic;
}

.ds-article__keyword::after { content: ';'; color: var(--ds-rule-strong); margin-left: 0.125rem; }
.ds-article__keyword:last-child::after { content: ''; }

.ds-article__references ol { counter-reset: ref; list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }

.ds-article__references li {
	counter-increment: ref;
	position: relative;
	padding: 0.75rem 0 0.75rem 2.75rem;
	font-size: 0.875rem;
	line-height: 1.65;
	color: var(--ds-text-secondary);
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
}

.ds-article__references li::before {
	content: counter(ref);
	position: absolute;
	left: 0;
	top: 0.75rem;
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 0.8125rem;
	color: var(--ds-accent);
	font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

/* Sidebar */
.ds-article__sidebar { position: sticky; top: calc(var(--ds-header-height) + 2rem); }

.ds-article__sidebar-card { border-top: 2px solid var(--ds-ink); margin-bottom: 2.25rem; }

.ds-article__sidebar-card-header {
	padding: 0.875rem 0;
	font-size: 0.625rem;
	font-weight: 700;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.16em;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
}

.ds-article__sidebar-card-body { padding: 0 0 0.5rem; }

.ds-article__sidebar-item {
	display: flex;
	flex-direction: column;
	gap: 0.1875rem;
	padding: 0.625rem 0;
	font-size: 0.8125rem;
	border-top: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
}

.ds-article__sidebar-item-label {
	font-size: 0.625rem;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.12em;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
}

.ds-article__sidebar-item-value { color: var(--ds-text); text-align: left; font-weight: 500; }

.ds-article__download-btns { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.5rem; }

.ds-article__download-btn {
	display: flex;
	align-items: center;
	justify-content: space-between;
	gap: 0.5rem;
	padding: 0.8125rem 1rem;
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.12em;
	transition: all var(--ds-transition);
}

.ds-article__download-btn--pdf { background: var(--ds-ink); color: var(--ds-paper); }
.ds-article__download-btn--pdf:hover { background: var(--ds-accent); color: #fff; }

.ds-article__download-btn--other { border: 1px solid var(--ds-rule-strong); color: var(--ds-text); }
.ds-article__download-btn--other:hover { border-color: var(--ds-accent); color: var(--ds-accent); }

.ds-article__license { font-size: 0.8125rem; color: var(--ds-text-muted); line-height: 1.6; }
.ds-article__license a { font-weight: 500; }

.ds-article__cite {
	font-size: 0.8125rem;
	color: var(--ds-text-secondary);
	line-height: 1.6;
	padding-left: 0.875rem;
	border-left: 2px solid var(--ds-accent);
}

/* ============================================================
   Issue page
   ============================================================ */
.ds-issue { padding: 3rem 0 5rem; }

.ds-issue__header {
	display: flex;
	gap: 3rem;
	align-items: flex-start;
	margin-bottom: 3rem;
	padding-bottom: 2.25rem;
	border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ds-ink);
}

.ds-issue__cover { flex-shrink: 0; width: 160px; }
.ds-issue__cover-img { width: 100%; border: 1px solid var(--ds-rule); }

.ds-issue__info { flex: 1; }

.ds-issue__label {
	display: block;
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.14em;
	color: var(--ds-accent);
	margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.ds-issue__title {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 2rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
	letter-spacing: -0.015em;
}

.ds-issue__date {
	font-size: 0.8125rem;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.08em;
	margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.ds-issue__description { font-size: 1rem; color: var(--ds-text-secondary); line-height: 1.75; max-width: var(--ds-measure); }

.ds-issue__galleys { display: flex; gap: 0.5rem; margin-top: 1.5rem; }

.ds-issue__toc-section { margin-bottom: 3rem; }

.ds-issue__toc-section-title {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-body);
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 700;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.16em;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.ds-issue__articles-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }

/* ============================================================
   Archive — year rail on the left, issues listed as rows
   ============================================================ */
.ds-archive { padding: 3rem 0 5rem; }

.ds-archive__header { margin-bottom: 3rem; padding-bottom: 1.5rem; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ds-ink); }

.ds-archive__title { font-family: var(--ds-font-display); font-size: 2.25rem; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 0.375rem; }

.ds-archive__desc { color: var(--ds-text-muted); font-size: 0.9375rem; }

.ds-archive__year-group {
	display: grid;
	grid-template-columns: 120px minmax(0, 1fr);
	gap: 2.5rem;
	margin-bottom: 3rem;
	padding-bottom: 1rem;
}

.ds-archive__year-title {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 2.5rem;
	font-weight: 400;
	color: var(--ds-rule-strong);
	line-height: 1;
	margin: 0;
	padding: 0;
	border: none;
	position: sticky;
	top: calc(var(--ds-header-height) + 1.5rem);
	font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

.ds-archive__issues-grid { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }

/* Issue rows, not cover cards */
.ds-issue-card {
	display: grid;
	grid-template-columns: auto minmax(0, 1fr);
	gap: 1.5rem;
	align-items: center;
	padding: 1.375rem 0 1.375rem 1.25rem;
	border-top: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
	border-left: 2px solid transparent;
	color: var(--ds-text);
	transition: border-color var(--ds-transition), padding-left var(--ds-transition);
}

.ds-issue-card:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule); }
.ds-issue-card:hover { border-left-color: var(--ds-accent); padding-left: 1.625rem; color: var(--ds-text); }

.ds-issue-card__cover {
	width: 56px;
	height: 74px;
	background: var(--ds-paper-sunk);
	display: flex;
	align-items: center;
	justify-content: center;
	overflow: hidden;
	aspect-ratio: auto;
}

.ds-issue-card__cover img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }

.ds-issue-card__cover--placeholder { padding: 0.875rem; }
.ds-issue-card__cover--placeholder svg { width: 100%; height: auto; opacity: 0.28; }

.ds-issue-card__body { padding: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.25rem; }

.ds-issue-card__title {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 1.125rem;
	font-weight: 500;
	margin: 0;
	line-height: 1.3;
}

.ds-issue-card:hover .ds-issue-card__title { color: var(--ds-accent); }

.ds-issue-card__series { font-size: 0.8125rem; color: var(--ds-text-secondary); }

.ds-issue-card__date {
	font-size: 0.75rem;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.08em;
	margin: 0;
}

/* ============================================================
   Static pages
   ============================================================ */
.ds-page { padding: 3rem 0 5rem; }

.ds-page__header { margin-bottom: 2.5rem; padding-bottom: 1.5rem; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ds-ink); }

.ds-page__title { font-family: var(--ds-font-display); font-size: 2.25rem; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; letter-spacing: -0.015em; }

.ds-page__content { font-size: 1.0625rem; line-height: 1.8; color: var(--ds-text); max-width: var(--ds-measure); }

.ds-page__content h2 {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 1.375rem;
	margin-top: 2.5rem;
	margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.ds-page__content h3 { font-size: 1.125rem; margin-top: 1.75rem; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.ds-page__content ul, .ds-page__content ol { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.ds-page__content li { margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }

.ds-page__content th, .ds-page__content td {
	padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
	text-align: left;
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
}

.ds-page__content th {
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 700;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.1em;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule-strong);
}

/* ============================================================
   Editorial masthead
   ============================================================ */
.ds-editorial-team__group { margin-bottom: 3rem; }

.ds-editorial-team__group-title {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-body);
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 700;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.16em;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
	padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
	display: block;
}

.ds-editorial-team__members { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(260px, 1fr)); gap: 0; }

.ds-editorial-team__member {
	display: flex;
	align-items: baseline;
	gap: 0.875rem;
	padding: 1rem 1rem 1rem 0;
	border: none;
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
	background: none;
}

.ds-editorial-team__member:hover { box-shadow: none; }

.ds-editorial-team__member-avatar {
	width: auto;
	height: auto;
	flex-shrink: 0;
	border-radius: 0;
	background: none;
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 0.8125rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	color: var(--ds-accent);
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-accent);
	line-height: 1.3;
	min-width: 1.5rem;
	justify-content: center;
	display: flex;
}

.ds-editorial-team__member-name { font-size: 0.9375rem; font-weight: 500; }
.ds-editorial-team__member-role { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--ds-text-muted); }
.ds-editorial-team__member-affiliation { font-size: 0.8125rem; color: var(--ds-text-muted); font-style: italic; }

/* OJS ships the ORCID mark as an SVG with a viewBox but no intrinsic size,
   so without this it expands to fill the whole row. */
.ds-editorial-team__member .orcid_icon,
.ds-article__author .orcid_icon {
	width: 1em;
	height: 1em;
	vertical-align: -0.125em;
	margin-left: 0.25rem;
	flex-shrink: 0;
}

/* ============================================================
   Search
   ============================================================ */
.ds-search__form { display: flex; gap: 0; margin-bottom: 2.5rem; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ds-ink); }

.ds-search__input {
	flex: 1;
	padding: 0.875rem 0;
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 1.25rem;
	border: none;
	background: transparent;
	color: var(--ds-text);
	outline: none;
}

.ds-search__input::placeholder { color: var(--ds-text-muted); font-style: italic; }

.ds-search__results { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }

.ds-search__no-results { padding: 4rem 0; color: var(--ds-text-muted); font-style: italic; }

/* ============================================================
   Auth pages
   ============================================================ */
.ds-auth { display: flex; justify-content: center; padding: 4rem 0 5rem; }

.ds-auth__card {
	width: 100%;
	max-width: 420px;
	background: none;
	border: none;
	border-top: 2px solid var(--ds-ink);
	padding: 2.5rem 0 0;
	box-shadow: none;
}

.ds-auth__title {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 1.75rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	text-align: left;
	margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.ds-form__group { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }

.ds-form__label {
	display: block;
	font-size: 0.625rem;
	font-weight: 700;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.14em;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.ds-form__input {
	width: 100%;
	padding: 0.625rem 0;
	font-size: 1rem;
	border: none;
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule-strong);
	background: transparent;
	color: var(--ds-text);
	outline: none;
	transition: border-color var(--ds-transition);
}

.ds-form__input:focus { border-bottom-color: var(--ds-accent); box-shadow: none; }

.ds-form__help { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--ds-text-muted); margin-top: 0.375rem; }
.ds-form__error { font-size: 0.75rem; color: #a8322f; margin-top: 0.375rem; }

.ds-form__actions { margin-top: 2rem; }
.ds-form__actions .ds-btn { width: 100%; }

.ds-form__footer { margin-top: 1.75rem; padding-top: 1.25rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--ds-rule); font-size: 0.875rem; color: var(--ds-text-muted); }

.ds-form__link { text-align: right; margin-top: -0.75rem; margin-bottom: 1.25rem; }
.ds-form__link a { font-size: 0.75rem; }

/* ============================================================
   Footer
   ============================================================ */
.ds-footer-cta {
	background: var(--ds-paper-alt);
	color: var(--ds-text);
	padding: 4.5rem 0;
	text-align: left;
	border-top: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
}

.ds-footer-cta__title {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 2rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	color: var(--ds-ink);
	margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
	max-width: 20ch;
}

.ds-footer-cta__desc { color: var(--ds-text-secondary); margin: 0 0 2rem; font-size: 1.0625rem; max-width: 52ch; }

.ds-footer-cta__actions { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.875rem; }

.ds-footer-cta .ds-btn--white { background: var(--ds-ink); color: var(--ds-paper); border-color: var(--ds-ink); }
.ds-footer-cta .ds-btn--white:hover { background: var(--ds-accent); border-color: var(--ds-accent); color: #fff; }
.ds-footer-cta .ds-btn--ghost { color: var(--ds-ink); border-color: var(--ds-rule-strong); }
.ds-footer-cta .ds-btn--ghost:hover { border-color: var(--ds-ink); background: transparent; color: var(--ds-ink); }

.ds-footer { background: var(--ds-ink); color: rgba(247,246,243,0.62); padding: 4rem 0 0; }
.ds-footer a { color: rgba(247,246,243,0.62); }
.ds-footer a:hover { color: #fff; }

.ds-footer__grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2.2fr 1fr 1fr 1fr; gap: 3rem; padding-bottom: 3rem; }

.ds-footer__brand { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }

.ds-footer__logo { display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 0.75rem; margin-bottom: 1.25rem; }
.ds-footer__logo-img { width: 36px; height: 36px; align-self: center; }
.ds-footer__logo-text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }

.ds-footer__logo-abbr {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-display);
	font-size: 1.25rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	color: var(--ds-paper);
	line-height: 1;
}

.ds-footer__logo-name { font-size: 0.6875rem; color: rgba(247,246,243,0.45); line-height: 1.3; margin-top: 0.1875rem; }

.ds-footer__desc { font-size: 0.875rem; line-height: 1.65; margin-bottom: 1.25rem; color: rgba(247,246,243,0.5); max-width: 40ch; }

.ds-footer__issn { font-size: 0.75rem; margin-bottom: 0.375rem; }

.ds-footer__issn-label {
	color: rgba(247,246,243,0.4);
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.1em;
	font-size: 0.625rem;
}

.ds-footer__issn-value { color: var(--ds-paper); font-weight: 500; }
.ds-footer__publisher { font-size: 0.75rem; color: rgba(247,246,243,0.45); }

.ds-footer__column-title {
	font-family: var(--ds-font-body);
	font-size: 0.625rem;
	font-weight: 700;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.16em;
	color: var(--ds-paper);
	margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
	padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
	border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(247,246,243,0.14);
}

.ds-footer__links { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.ds-footer__links li { margin-bottom: 0.625rem; }
.ds-footer__links a { font-size: 0.875rem; }

.ds-footer__custom { font-size: 0.8125rem; color: rgba(247,246,243,0.5); padding-bottom: 2rem; }

.ds-footer__bottom {
	border-top: 1px solid rgba(247,246,243,0.14);
	padding: 1.5rem 0;
	display: flex;
	justify-content: space-between;
	align-items: center;
	font-size: 0.75rem;
	gap: 1rem;
	flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.ds-footer__bottom-links { display: flex; gap: 2rem; }
.ds-footer__bottom-links a { font-size: 0.75rem; }

/* ============================================================
   Pagination, alerts, utilities
   ============================================================ */
.ds-pagination {
	display: flex;
	justify-content: center;
	align-items: center;
	gap: 0.5rem;
	margin-top: 3rem;
	padding-top: 2rem;
	border-top: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
}

.ds-pagination__link,
.ds-pagination__current {
	display: inline-flex;
	align-items: center;
	justify-content: center;
	min-width: 2.25rem;
	height: 2.25rem;
	padding: 0 0.75rem;
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.1em;
	transition: all var(--ds-transition);
}

.ds-pagination__link { color: var(--ds-text-secondary); border: 1px solid var(--ds-rule-strong); }
.ds-pagination__link:hover { border-color: var(--ds-accent); color: var(--ds-accent); }
.ds-pagination__current { background: var(--ds-ink); color: var(--ds-paper); border: 1px solid var(--ds-ink); }

.ds-alert { padding: 1rem 1.25rem; font-size: 0.875rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border-left: 3px solid; }
.ds-alert--info { background: var(--ds-paper-alt); border-color: var(--ds-accent); color: var(--ds-text); }
.ds-alert--success { background: var(--ds-paper-alt); border-color: #2f7d4f; color: var(--ds-text); }
.ds-alert--warning { background: var(--ds-paper-alt); border-color: #b07d1a; color: var(--ds-text); }
.ds-alert--error { background: var(--ds-paper-alt); border-color: #a8322f; color: var(--ds-text); }

.ds-card { border: none; border-top: 1px solid var(--ds-rule); border-radius: 0; }
.ds-card:hover { box-shadow: none; }
.ds-card__body { padding: 1.5rem 0; }

.ds-text-center { text-align: center; }
.ds-text-muted { color: var(--ds-text-muted); }
.ds-mt-0 { margin-top: 0; }
.ds-mb-0 { margin-bottom: 0; }
.ds-mb-1 { margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
.ds-mb-2 { margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.ds-mb-3 { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.ds-mb-4 { margin-bottom: 2rem; }

.ds-sr-only {
	position: absolute;
	width: 1px;
	height: 1px;
	padding: 0;
	margin: -1px;
	overflow: hidden;
	clip: rect(0,0,0,0);
	white-space: nowrap;
	border: 0;
}

/* OJS form overrides */
.pkp_form input[type="text"],
.pkp_form input[type="email"],
.pkp_form input[type="password"],
.pkp_form input[type="url"],
.pkp_form textarea,
.pkp_form select {
	border: none;
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule-strong);
	border-radius: 0;
	padding: 0.625rem 0;
	background: transparent;
	font-size: 1rem;
}

.pkp_form input:focus,
.pkp_form textarea:focus,
.pkp_form select:focus { border-bottom-color: var(--ds-accent); outline: none; box-shadow: none; }

.pkp_form label {
	font-size: 0.625rem;
	font-weight: 700;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.14em;
	color: var(--ds-text-muted);
	margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.pkp_form .pkp_button,
.pkp_form button[type="submit"] {
	background: var(--ds-ink);
	color: var(--ds-paper);
	border: none;
	border-radius: 0;
	padding: 0.8125rem 1.75rem;
	font-size: 0.6875rem;
	font-weight: 600;
	text-transform: uppercase;
	letter-spacing: 0.12em;
	cursor: pointer;
	transition: background var(--ds-transition);
}

.pkp_form .pkp_button:hover,
.pkp_form button[type="submit"]:hover { background: var(--ds-accent); }

/* Hide OJS branding */
.pkp_brand_footer,
a[href*="pkp.sfu.ca"],
a[href*="about/aboutThisPublishingSystem"] { display: none !important; }

/* ============================================================
   Responsive
   ============================================================ */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
	.ds-hero__inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 3rem; }
	.ds-hero__title { max-width: 100%; }
	.ds-article__layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 3rem; }
	.ds-article__sidebar { position: static; }
	.ds-footer__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; }
	.ds-nav__list { gap: 1.25rem; }
	.ds-logo__name { max-width: 150px; }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
	.ds-container { padding: 0 1.25rem; }
	.ds-header__top-inner { padding: 0 1.25rem; gap: 0.75rem; }
	.ds-header__main { padding: 0 1.25rem; height: 66px; gap: 1rem; }

	/* Keep the top bar: it holds the language switcher and account links */
	.ds-header__badge { display: none; }
	.ds-header__top-left, .ds-header__top-right { gap: 0.875rem; }
	.ds-user-menu { gap: 0.875rem; }

	.ds-menu-toggle { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }

	.ds-nav {
		display: none;
		position: absolute;
		top: 66px;
		left: 0;
		right: 0;
		background: var(--ds-paper);
		border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
		box-shadow: 0 16px 32px rgba(22,25,29,0.1);
		padding: 0.5rem 1.25rem 1.25rem;
		z-index: 999;
	}

	.ds-nav.is-open { display: block; }
	.ds-nav__list { flex-direction: column; gap: 0; }

	.ds-nav__link {
		padding: 0.875rem 0;
		border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ds-rule);
		font-size: 0.75rem;
	}

	.ds-nav__link:hover, .ds-nav__link--active { border-bottom-color: var(--ds-rule); color: var(--ds-accent); }

	.ds-hero { padding: 3rem 0; }
	.ds-hero__desc { font-size: 1rem; margin-bottom: 2rem; }
	.ds-section { padding: 3rem 0; }

	.ds-section-header { margin-bottom: 2rem; }
	.ds-section-header__title { font-size: 1.5rem; }

	/* Article rows stack; galleys move under the meta line */
	.ds-article-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0; padding-left: 1rem; }
	.ds-article-card:hover { padding-left: 1.25rem; }
	.ds-article-card__footer { grid-column: 1; grid-row: auto; justify-content: flex-start; margin-top: 0.875rem; }
	.ds-article-card__title { font-size: 1.0625rem; }

	.ds-archive__year-group { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 1rem; }
	.ds-archive__year-title { position: static; font-size: 1.75rem; }

	.ds-issue__header { flex-direction: column; gap: 1.5rem; }
	.ds-issue__title { font-size: 1.625rem; }

	.ds-footer__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2rem; }
	.ds-footer__bottom { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
	.ds-footer__bottom-links { gap: 1.5rem; }

	.ds-page__title, .ds-archive__title { font-size: 1.75rem; }
	.ds-page__content { font-size: 1rem; }
	.ds-article__abstract { font-size: 1rem; }

	.ds-btn-group { flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; }
	.ds-btn-group .ds-btn { width: 100%; }

	.ds-editorial-team__members { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
	.ds-hero__title { font-size: 1.875rem; }
	.ds-header__issn { font-size: 0.625rem; }
}

@media print {
	.ds-header, .ds-footer, .ds-footer-cta, .ds-hero,
	.ds-breadcrumbs, .ds-menu-toggle, .ds-article__sidebar,
	.ds-pagination, .ds-btn { display: none !important; }
	body { color: #000; background: #fff; }
	.ds-article__layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
	*, *::before, *::after { animation-duration: 0.01ms !important; transition-duration: 0.01ms !important; }
	html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
}